Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of which complication?

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Multiple Choice

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of which complication?

Explanation:
The main concept is that diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Long-standing hyperglycemia damages the kidneys’ small vessels, causing diabetic nephropathy. This starts with albumin leakage (microalbuminuria) and, over years, progressive loss of filtration ability (declining GFR) that can culminate in end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis or transplantation. While diabetes raises risk for stroke, blindness, and gangrene, those are important complications but not the primary driver of ESRD.

The main concept is that diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Long-standing hyperglycemia damages the kidneys’ small vessels, causing diabetic nephropathy. This starts with albumin leakage (microalbuminuria) and, over years, progressive loss of filtration ability (declining GFR) that can culminate in end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis or transplantation. While diabetes raises risk for stroke, blindness, and gangrene, those are important complications but not the primary driver of ESRD.

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